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Baekeland and Hartmann report that the shortsleepers had been more or less average in theirsleep needs until the men were in their teens. But atabout age 15 or so, the men voluntarily begancutting down their nightly sleep time because ofpressures from school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightlyperiods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.

In general, these short sleeps appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful,conformist(不动摇) in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often heldseveral jobs at once, or workers full-or part-time while going to school. And many of them hada strong urge to appear normal or acceptable to their friends and associates.

When asked to recall their dreams, the short sleepers did poorly. More than this, they seemedto prefer not remembering. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with psychologicalproblems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that thetrouble would go away.

The sleep patterns of the short sleepers were similar to, but less extreme than, sleeppatterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic(疯人).

The long sleepers were quite different indeed. Baekeland and Hartmann report that theseyoung men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep,protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the shortsleepers.

Many of the long sleepers were shy, anxious, introverted (内向), inhibited (压抑), passive,mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves (particularly in social situations). Several openlystates that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.

1. According to the report,______.

A) many short sleepers need less sleep by nature

B) many short sleepers are obliged to reduce theirnightly sleep time because they are busy with theirwork

C) long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the day

D) many long sleepers preserve their sleeping habit formed during their childhood

2. Many short sleepers are likely to hold the view that _____.

A) sleep is a withdrawal from the reality

B) sleep interferes with their sound judgement

C) sleep is the least expensive item on their routine program

D) sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troubles

3. It is stated in the third paragraph that short sleepers _____.

A) are ideally vigorous even under the pressures of life

B) often neglect the consequences of inadequate sleep

C) do not know how to relax properly

D) are more unlikely to run into mental problems

4. When sometimes they cannot enjoy adequate sleep, the long sleepers might ____.

A) appear disturbed

B) become energetic

C) feel dissatisfied

D) be extremely depressed

5. Which of the following is Not included in the passage?

A) If one sleeps inadequately, his performance suffers and his memory is weakened

B) The sleep patterns of short sleepers are exactly the sane as those shown by many mentalpatients

C) Long and short sleepers differ in their attitudes towards sleep

D) Short sleepers would be better off with more rest

【参考答案】

1-5 DCBAB

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